Selectors by element type

The simplest and most common type of selectors are selectors by element type. They select all elements of a certain type on the page. For example, the p selector selects all paragraphs on a page, and the h1 selector selects all first level headings.

Class selectors

Class selectors allow you to select elements based on their classes. Classes are named groups of elements that can be assigned the same style. For example, the .button selector selects all elements with the class “button”.

Identifier selectors

Identifier selectors select elements by their unique identifier (ID). Each element can have only one unique ID. The ID is specified using the # character. For example, the #header selector selects an element with the ID “header”.

Pseudo-classes and pseudo-elements

Pseudoclasses and pseudo-elements apply styles to elements in certain states or create additional elements on the page. For example, the :hover selector applies styles to an element when the mouse cursor hovers over it, and the ::before selector creates a pseudo element before the specified element.

Attribute selectors

Attribute selectors select elements based on their attributes or attribute values. For example, the [type=”text”] selector selects all elements with a type attribute whose value is “text”.

Pseudo-elements of the first and last elements

The :first-child and :last-child pseudo-elements select the first and last elements in the parent container, respectively. These selectors are useful when you want to apply styles only to the first or last element in a list or block.

Choosing the right selector depends on your specific task and the structure of your web page. Use selectors wisely and effectively to create stylish and functional web applications and sites.

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Cascading in CSS

Cascading in CSS means that styles are applied to elements according to their specificity and the order in which they are defined. This allows you to create flexible and modular styles that can be easily modified and extended. Rules defined later in the stylesheet take precedence over rules defined earlier.

Example:

/* First set of styles */
p {
color: blue;
}

/* Second set of styles */
p {
color: red;
}

In this example, if we have a element, it will have a red text color because the rules defined by the second set of styles have a higher precedence.

Inheritance in CSS

Inheritance in CSS allows style properties to be passed from parent elements to child elements. This simplifies the structure of stylesheets and reduces code duplication. Inheritance also contributes to a more consistent and easily maintainable web design.

Example:

/* Parent element */
.container {
color: blue;
}

/* Child element */ 

.container p { 

font-size: 16px; / This property is inherited from the parent 

element */
}

In this example, the element inside an element with class .container inherits the text color (color property) from its parent element.

Improving style controllability

Using cascading and inheritance in CSS helps to improve the manageability of styles on a website. By properly organizing stylesheets and using these concepts, you can make your CSS code more structured, understandable, and easily maintainable. This allows you to manage your website styles effectively and make changes with minimal effort.

Conclusion

Cascading and inheritance are important concepts in CSS that help improve the manageability of styles on your website. Understanding these concepts allows you to create styles that are more flexible, modular, and easily maintainable, which in turn helps you create modern and attractive websites.

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The concept of CSS rules

CSS works on the basis of rules that define how styles are applied to elements on a web page. Each rule consists of a selector and a style declaration block.

Example of a CSS rule:

selector {
property: value;
}

CSS selectors

Selectors indicate the elements on a web page to which styles should be applied. There are several types of selectors, including selectors for element type, classes, identifiers, attributes, and other element characteristics.

Examples of different selectors are:

/* Selector by element type */
p {
color: blue;
}

/* Selector by class */
.button {
background-color: red;
}

/* Selector by ID */

header {

font-size: 24px;

}

CSS properties and values

CSS properties determine which styles should be applied to selected elements. Each property has a specific value that indicates which style should be applied.

Examples of properties and values:

/* Property and value */
color: blue;

/* Other property and value */
font-size: 16px;

Cascading and prioritization

CSS obeys the cascading rule, which determines which styles should be applied when an element has multiple rules. Rules with higher specificity or later application date have higher priority.

CSS comments

Comments in CSS are used to add explanations and notes to code. Comments are ignored by the browser and do not affect the display of the web page.

Example comment:

/* This is a comment */

Conclusion

Learning CSS syntax is an important step for any web developer. Understanding the basic concepts and elements of CSS syntax will help you create stylish and attractive web pages. Practice and experiment with CSS and you will quickly become a confident owner of this powerful style language.

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